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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
（新春走基层）青海“一号水利”工程：历经27年建设，收官战紧锣密鼓****** 中新网西宁1月18日电 题：青海“一号水利”工程：历经27年建设，收官战紧锣密鼓 作者 庞彩英 贾克文 张添福 作为一名钢筋工，24岁的黄恩堂已经参与过青海“一号水利”工程——引大济湟工程西干渠7个隧洞的修建。 “引大济湟”工程从1958年开始构想，1996年陆续开工建设，是一项跨流域的大型调水工程，从青海省东北部大通河调水，穿越祁连山余脉达坂山引入湟水河，是青海有史以来建设规模最大、综合效益最广、受益民众最多、建设条件最复杂的战略性调水工程。 “引大济湟”工程攻克诸多世界性工程难题，其中的调水总干渠、西干渠、北干渠一期及二期工程干支渠总长达1143公里，连通5座重要水库(石头峡、黑泉、大石门、南门峡、松多)、272个隧洞、290个渡槽、117个倒虹吸；西干渠、北干渠一期及二期工程田间配套项目管线达5990公里，包括2299座蓄水池、86395个各类井池和给水栓。  图为引水隧洞施工。 贾克文 摄自2017年5月份以来，黄恩堂回甘肃老家的次数屈指可数。为了赶工期，他和工友们决定今年春节也不回家：“春节不能回家和亲人团聚是有点遗憾，但是想到自己能为水利项目建设出一份力，我也十分自豪”。 位于青海省西宁市大通县大哈门村的引大济湟西干渠32号洞，海拔2800米左右，洞外温度低于县城5至6摄氏度，为确保项目如期完工，春节期间，将有30多名项目建设者放弃回家与亲人团聚的机会，选择坚守岗位，奋战在施工一线。 “32号洞在前期地质勘查时，发现有8条断层，仅破碎的V类围岩就有3123米，占隧洞总长的72%。同时，洞内地下水丰富，最多的时候每天出水量达12000立方米，增加了施工难度和安全风险。”西干渠第二标项目经理张东星说。 “越是逢年过节，施工安全、质量问题越不能掉以轻心。”张东星说，“所以我们每天都要对洞内的建设情况进行反复的检查，确保施工安全”。 为了让一线工人在施工现场也能过一个快乐、祥和的春节，项目部通过发放慰问品、保障节日伙食、积极落实工资等举措，确保工人们在工地上干得舒心、干得放心。 “我们倒排工期抢抓进度，全体员工情绪高涨，我们力争在四月底完成砼衬砌施工任务，为新时代、新征程水利事业作出应有的贡献。”张东星说。 32号洞所在的西干渠工程位于青海省东部湟水流域，北起大通县黑泉水库，南至湟中区甘河园区。工程建成后，将充分发挥引大济湟工程的整体效益，缓解湟水北川河西岸水资源供需矛盾，满足甘河园区的用水需求，同时将增加项目区灌溉面积，改善生态环境，提高农民收入。 “目前，引大济湟工程主体建设已全部完成，进入收官收尾阶段。”青海省引大济湟工程建设运行局局长张伟峰说，“我们引大济湟西干渠(大通段)项目工作人员在春节期间，也将坚守在项目一线，紧盯工程建设进度及时做好工程验收、设计变更和完工结算工作，完成西干渠、北干渠二期工程剩余田间配套项目建设。” 在张伟峰眼里，最大的新春愿望是与工人们一道，全力以赴打赢引大济湟工程收官战，尽快让工程全面发挥效益。 青海省水利厅此前对外表示，目前，经过27年建设，引大济湟调水总干渠、北干渠一期、黑泉水库、石头峡水库等已建成发挥效益，北干渠二期工程、西干渠工程建设进入收尾阶段。十年来，引大济湟工程已建成项目已累计向西宁市供水1.94亿立方米，共调蓄灌溉水量40.85亿立方米，累计向下游河道生态补水3.94亿立方米。(完)
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